In this presentation, the pathomechanics as well as the physiologic response of the Cast syndrome are described through a review of the literature and pertinent cases.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Dynamic Spinecor brace for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in accordance with the standardized criteria proposed by the Scoliosis Research Society Committee on Bracing and Non-operative Management.

The goal of this presentation will be to review strategies to maximize a successful patient outcome. Help Practioners to understand the importance of reviewing the in brace x-ray, learning how to interpret the x-ray, what are we looking for and learning a logical thought process regarding adjustments to be made to benefit patient outcome.

Review a study comparing outcomes of Spinecor brace treatment in AIS patients who were obese with the outcome in patients who were not.

A retrospective review of 250 babies referred for cranial remolding orthoses determined that babies with asymmetrical brachycephaly represent about 45% of all babies referred for cranial remolding orthoses. Learn to identify criteria for defining this group and treatment protocols for babies with asymmetrical brachycephaly in order to correct the deformity and provide optimal treatment outcomes.

Review normal values used comparatively for clinical analysis at end cranial remolding helmet therapy specifically using a laser shape digitizer.

Receive a thorough introduction to a new negative-pressure dynamic transtibial socket system that is achieved without the application of mechanical components. Discover how innovative materials incorporated with a distinct socket design create a negative-pressure environment that adapts in response to activities.

Review alternative suspension systems as well as special adaptations to optimize dexterity or weakness. Gain the ability to recognize special needs of the geriatric client and various suspension solutions that do not compromise biomechanic fit and comfort of the prosthesis.

Discuss the successful development of modular vacuum donning component systems.

As elevated vacuum technologies in prosthetics advance from our most common application in TT socket designs, this presentation will discuss different clinical methods for obtaining and maintaining a sealed socket environment in TF socket systems

Review fitting methodology and identify a basic classification system for socket options. Focus on a program of care which is used post-surgically through to the final stages of limb maturity.

This presentation will cover the necessary communication between surgeon and prosthetist, along with fitting techniques proven to create greater success for this patient population.

Gain insight on the technological advances in prosthetic components, materials and fitting techniques that have led to fundamental expectations when performing prosthetic fittings.

Review treatment options for enhancing the healing of difficult wounds. Four different cases of delayed wound healing, their treatment and outcome will be presented.

Discuss if using subatomic socket technology could be used both as a form of suspension for walking and to help heal a diabetic ulcer.

Discuss the prevalence of childhood obesity in the general population and its relationship to our pediatric lower extremity amputee population of 230 patients. Address the obligation of an institution to trend and identify existing and potential obese pediatric patients and offer education, counseling, and recommended life style changes for these patients and families.

Partial or total longitudinal deficiency of the fibula is a congenital condition that primarily affects the fibula and is the most common deficiency amongst all long bones. Current surgical intervention is either leg lengthening through callus distraction with other possible corrective surgeries or ankle disarticulation amputation with prosthetic length restoration. This study took multiple measures utilizing a motion analysis laboratory in a pre-amputation condition and again following amputation and prosthetic rehabilitation.

Review the literature regarding function after Van Nes Rotationplasty, in particular gait analysis and energy expenditure and discuss implications for clinical practice.

Review two case studies of long time orthotic patients with different diagnoses; one with bilateral AFOs and the other with KAFO.

Review a case study of an active 64-year old male patient affected by post polio syndrome late in his life and the progression of his orthotic management over the last three years.

Review gait deviations resulting from CMT and examine simple methods of evaluating the effects of AFO's on gait and balance.

Compare the function of silicone ankle-foot orthoses (SAFOs) to posterior leaf spring anklefoot orthoses (PLS-AFOs) in terms of their ability to improve gait biomechanics in a subject with bilateral lower extremity weakness distal to the knee secondary to Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disorder.

Discuss the mechanisms acting around the subtalar joint during normal gait. It is a continuation of material presented at the March 2007 Academy Annual Meeting in San Francisco, but with enhanced 3D animated graphics and a case study, not previously presented.

Review, through the use of video, the effectiveness of the SAFO in four clinical cases where patients rejected conventional orthoses.

Review the extensive care of a 30-yr old Marine injured in Iraq by a road side IED. His injuries include; T-8 incomplete spinal cord injury, left transtibial amputation, right foot and ankle fusion/reconstruction, right upper extremity reconstruction with fibular graft, right elbow fusion, and left knee reconstruction.

Discuss a physician's decision to undergo a 21 ˝ hour procedure of re-implantation and one year later, re-amputation. The physician created a list looking at the advantages of retaining the nonfunctional hand or replacing it with a prosthetic hand. This list will be discussed as part of the case presentation and may be helpful for future patients who are faced with this same issue.

This discussion focuses on two individuals. They are long time prosthetic users secondary to upper extremity amputation who presented with significant shoulder changes requiring surgical intervention. Methods implemented by the team to accomplish the goals of pain reduction, no negative changes of function of the non-amputated extremity, return to the prosthesis, and work environment will be provided.

The purpose of this presentation is to offer an alternative to currently available designs for the myoelectric wearer using a silicone liner.

Review the various challenges of fitting the partial hand amputee such as accommodating limb remnants, providing active prehension and preserving sensation of the tactile areas. A combination of orthotic and prosthetic solutions will be incorporated in a discussion of biomechanic drive mechanisms such as tenodesis, finger driven, and opposition posts.

The talk about participation in kayaking with upper extremity amputation has been limited. In 2005, the Hammerhead Kayak Hand was released. Also in 2005, researchers from The University of South Florida developed the USF Kayak Hand. Development and research is discussed.

A transradial prosthesis with wrist and forearm limitations may cause compensatory motion during activities of daily living (ADL). The purpose of this case study was to determine if compensation occurs at the shoulder or elbow while wearing a prosthesis.

In this session, techniques and modalities are shown to identify, assess and address shear. It demonstrates through samples and case studies, the visual signs of shear and will discuss new products and orthotic materials on the market, which can be used with foot orthoses or by themselves to manage shear and reduce friction.

Examine solutions that provide controlled motion such as RGO, Anti-adduction Orthosis, Dynamic AFO's, Selective Locking Knees, and their combination. Clinical approaches combining these technologies into sign devices will also be discussed to provide unique solutions. Various composite and alternative construction techniques will also be discussed.

Review results of the Comparison of Moments of Thermoplastic Non-Articulated Dorsiflexion Assist AFOs and their Finite Element Models.

The goal of this study was to determine the clinical relevance of ankle-foot orthosis use on walking ability and other gait parameters in the post-stroke population.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of bilateral SMO's on the gait of children with benign hypotonia and excessive pronation.

Discuss how 360 O&P harnesses the power of the web to allow all members of the O&P community, including practitioners, manufacturers, vendors, patients, and their support networks, an open communication forum.

This presentation describes a miniaturized, integrated device that allows continuous, unattended measurement of forces and moments transmitted to the prosthetic socket, as well as movement-related aspects of gait during real-world functional tasks, and could provide prosthetists with objective outcomes metrics.

The aim of P.O.C.C. is to provide a mechanism for people to make tax deductible donations of new and gently used prosthetic and orthotic goods while in turn affording non-governmental organizations (NGOs), P&O practitioners, and developing world schools, and facilities access to these badly needed prosthetic and orthotic goods. The goal is to reduce the number of people in need of prosthetic and orthotic services who lack the resources or access to them.

Discuss the prerequisites for positive coverage determinations for Federal, State and private payors. Levels of evidence for prosthetic and orthotic devices will be presented including practice guidelines and clinical research. Evidencebased guidelines for reimbursement will be discussed.

The presentation will provide an introduction to the ethical concerns associated with O&P research involving human subjects and the implications of this when external funding for research is sought.

This presentation will demonstrate and describe a portable, prosthetic-pylon integrated device capable of measuring kinematics and kinetics relating to the function of prosthetic devices during real-world functional tasks.

Discuss the improvements in myoelectrically controlled prosthetic hands that are allowing users an improved prehension by means of an objectcompliant grasp.

Martin Bionics is currently working to integrate nanotechnologies into practical commercial designs. The altered function and comfort of prosthetic devices and possible new designs enabled by these products will be discussed.

Examine the current state of compliant hands and the direction of technological research and development.

No currently available ankle-foot prostheses can adapt to non-level walking surfaces on the first step. While multi-axis systems may better accommodate these surfaces than non-articulated systems, they do not adapt in a true mechanical sense. Studies of able-bodied persons walking on level and ramped surfaces led to a conceptual design for an ankle-foot prosthesis that will automatically adapt to different inclinations of the walking surface.

This presentation describes the mechanisms of tripping and falling among transfemoral amputees and compares stumble recovery while using a passive mechanical knee as compared to various microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee designs.

Previous studies of persons with partial foot amputations suggest that ankle dorsiflexion increases when walking shod or in ‘below-ankle' devices compared to walking barefoot. The purpose of this project was to examine a possible source of the increased dorsiflexion.

There is limited research on the effect of prosthetic/orthotic devices on the gait of persons with partial foot amputation (PFA). This presentation discusses the gait analyses performed on two subjects with PFA.

The design of a Partial Foot Prosthosis with rigid anterior shell, free plantarflexion and dorsiflexion stop will be presented. Data will be presented as a case series of five subjects.

The purpose of this paper was to determine if a stance phase microprocessor-controlled (MPC) prosthetic knee joint improves the gait of less physically capable walkers compared to traditional articulating knees (TRAD).

Review results of a study to quantify the functional characteristics of active transfemoral amputees using a microprocessor controlled knee compared to the most prescribed mechanical knee joint.

The purpose of this study was to compare the plantar pressure values of the Proprio Foot with the conventional prosthetic foot design.